Ir para o conteúdo principal Ir para o menu de navegação principal Ir para o rodapé
Scientific Electronic Archives
Educação e Ensino
DOI: 10.36560/15120221497
Enviado: 2021-10-21
Publicado: 2021-12-31

Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Positive Psychology & VR in Special Education

N.C.S.R. "Demokritos"ΙΙΤ- Net Media Lab & Mind - Brain R&D, Greece
N.C.S.R. "Demokritos"ΙΙΤ- Net Media Lab & Mind - Brain R&D, Athens, Greece / University of the Aegean , Greece
University of the Aegean, Greece
neuro-linguistic programming, social learning theory, positive psychology, metacognition, mindfulness, virtual reality, avatars, special education, brain rewiring techniques, sub-conscious restructuring

Resumo

In the era of rapid change, special education is in the quest to ‘drive up standards’ with alternative intervention strategies ensuring optimal outcomes for parents, teachers and learners. Automatic thoughts, negative beliefs and implicit bias demotivate, disrupt students’ behavior, and lower the quality of learning outcomes. Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) is a psychological approach that employs appropriate techniques to help individuals deal with their dysfunctional schemas. The present paper aims at reviewing the research studies regarding the effectiveness of neurolinguistic programming (NLP) in challenging situations as those that people with disabilities face. In addition, we will co-examine the possible applications of NLP on virtual reality (VR) environments. The findings of this review support the idea that neuro-linguistic programming provides influencing strategies for students with special educational needs to be rapidly engaged in those states of mind that eliminate implicit bias and promote positive behaviors and academic achievement. It was found that VR is in line with NLP methodology contributing to unintended bias reduction, cultivating users’ ability to change perspective with flexibility, expecting a positive future and perceiving themselves more realistically with less symptoms of depression. This study takes the view of a new pedagogy in Special Education that integrates the overlapping areas of neurolinguistic programming, positive and social psychology and recognizes their role in developing brain rewiring and sub-conscious training techniques -even in virtual environments-.

Referências

  1. AHMAD, B., & ZAMAN, K. Alternatives to simply forgiving and forgetting: Comparing techniques in hypnosis, NLP andTime Line Therapy in reducing the intensity of memories of stressful events. Stress and Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 2011
  2. ALBALOOSHI, S., MOEINI-JAZANI, M., FENNIS, B. M., & WARLOP, L. Reinstating the re-sourceful self: when and how self-affirmations improve executive performance of the powerless. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 46(2), 189-203, 2020
  3. ALEKSEEVA, E. Personally Differentiated Approach in Dysgraphia Correction of Primary School Children With General Speech Underdevelopment. KnE Life Sciences, 59-70, 2018
  4. AL FARAH, J., BAWALSAH, J., & AL KHATEEB, B. The Effectiveness of a Program Based on (NLP) in the Development of Social Communication for the Gifted Sixth Grade Students in Amman, 2016
  5. ANDERSON, B. Using NLP to achieve change. Probation Journal, 33(1), 22-23, 1986
  6. BANAKOU, D., KISHORE, S., & SLATER, M. Virtually being Einstein results in an improvement in cognitive task performance and a decrease in age bias. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 917, 2018
  7. BIGLEY, J., GRIFFITHS, P. D., PRYDDERCH, A., ROMANOWSKI, C. A. J., MILES, L., LIDIARD, H., & HOGGARD, N. Neurolinguistic programming used to reduce the need for anaesthesia in claustrophobic patients undergoing MRI. The British journal of radiology, 83(986), 113-117, 2010
  8. BRENNAN, C. Learning Disabilities. The Handbook of Language and Speech Disorders, 209-236, 2021
  9. BULL, L. Sunflower therapy for children with specific learning difficulties (dyslexia): a randomised, controlled trial. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 13(1), 15-24, 2007
  10. CONNOR, M. Specific learning difficulty (dyslexia) and interventions. Support for Learning, 9(3), 114-119, 1994
  11. DANIAU, S. The transformative potential of role-playing games—: From play skills to human skills. Simulation & Gaming, 47(4), 423-444, 2016
  12. FRIEDBERG, R. D., & WILT, L. H. Metaphors and stories in cognitive behavioral ther-apy with children. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 28(2), 100-113, 2010
  13. FURDUESCU, B. A. Neuro-Linguistic Programming: History, Conception, Funda-mentals and Objectives. Valahian Journal of Economic Studies, 10(1), 2019
  14. GABLE, S. L., & HAIDT, J. What (and why) is positive psychology?. Review of general psychology, 9(2), 103-110, 2005
  15. GERAETS, C. N., VELING, W., WITLOX, M., STARING, A. B., MATTHIJSSEN, S. J., & CATH, D. Virtual reality-based
  16. cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with generalized social anxiety disorder: a pilot study. Behavioral and cognitive psychotherapy, 47(6), 745-750, 2019
  17. HABAK, S., BENNETT, J., DAVIES, A., DAVIES, M., CHRISTENSEN, H., & BOYDELL, K. M. Edge of the Present: A Virtual Reality Tool to Cultivate Future Thinking, Positive Mood and Wellbeing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 140, 2021
  18. HARRIS, P. S., HARRIS, P. R., & MILES, E. Self-affirmation improves performance on tasks related to executive functioning. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 70, 281-285, 2017
  19. HEMMATI, MASLAKPAK, M., FARHADI, M., & FEREIDONI, J. The effect of neuro-linguistic programming on occupational stress in critical care nurses. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 21(1), 38, 2016
  20. JEYANTHI & ARUMUGAM, NARKEESH & PARASHER, RAJU. (2016). Evaluating the effectiveness of Neurolinguistic Programming and structured Exercises on Motor Skills, Physical fitness and Attention in an ADHD child: A Case Study. International Journal of Current Research. 8, 2016
  21. KARUNARATNE, M. Neuro-linguistic programming and application in treatment of phobias. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 16(4), 203-207, 2010
  22. KASSIM, H., ZOKI, S. D. M., & MOHAMED, N. H. Empowering Children With Autism To Success: Within Appropriate Ecosystem. Southeast Asia Psychology Jour-nal.vol.10, 150-164, 2020
  23. KROSS, E., BRUEHLMAN-SENECAL, E., PARK, J., BURSON, A., DOUGHERTY, A., SHABLACK, H., & AYDUK, O. Self-talk as a regulatory mechanism: how you do it matters. Journal of personality and social psychology, 106(2), 304, 2014
  24. KUDLISKIS, V. Teaching assistants, neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) and special educational needs: ‘reframing’ the learning experience for students with mild SEN. Pas-toral Care in Education, 32(4), 251-263, 2014
  25. KUDLISKIS, V. Neuro‐linguisticprogramming and altered states: encouraging preparation for learning in the classroom for students with special educational needs. British Journal of Special Education, 40(2), 86-95, 2013
  26. KUDLISKIS, V., & BURDEN, R. Applying ‘what works’ in psychology to enhancing examination success in schools: The potential contribution of NLP. Thinking skills and creativity, 4(3), 170-177, 2009
  27. LASHKARIAN, A., & SAYADIAN, S. The effect of Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) techniques on young Iranian EFL Learners’ motivation, learning improvement, and on teacher's success. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 199, 510-516, 2015
  28. LINDER-PELZ, S., & HALL, L. M. The theoretical roots of NLP-based coaching. The Coaching Psychologist, 3(1), 12-17, 2007
  29. MIRANDA, C. T. D., PAULA, C. S. D., PALMA, D., SILVA, E. M. K. D., MARTIN, D., & NÓBREGA, F. J. D. Impact of the application of neurolinguistic programming to mothers of children enrolled in a day care center of a shantytown. São Paulo Medical Journal, 117, 63-71, 1999
  30. MOHAMMADI, F., & MORADI, O. Comparison of the effectiveness of schema therapy and Neuro-linguistic programming on reducing anxiety and improve social functioning in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). International Journal of Philosophy and Social-Psychological Sciences, 2(3), 56-66, 2016
  31. NABAVI, R. T. Bandura’s social learning theory & social cognitive learning theory. Theory of Developmental Psychology, 1-24, 2012
  32. OSIMO, S. A., PIZARRO, R., SPANLANG, B., AND SLATER, M. Conversations between self and self as sigmund freud—a virtual body ownership paradigm for self-counselling. Sci. Rep. 5:13899. doi: 10.1038/srep13899, 2015
  33. PRABAVATHY, M. Neuro-Linguistic Programming training to enhance Reading Comprehension of Children with Dyslexia. Adalya. 9. 230-238., 2020
  34. RIVA, G., BAÑOS, R. M., BOTELLA, C., MANTOVANI, F., & GAGGIOLI, A. Transforming experience: the potential of augmented reality and virtual reality for enhancing personal and clinical change. Frontiers in psychiatry, 7, 164, 2016
  35. ROSEMARIN, S. Enhancing Creativity by Using NLN (Neurological-Linguistic Programming) and Guided Imagery. Universal journal of educational research, 4(9), 2191-2194, 2016
  36. ROSENBERG, R. S., BAUGHMAN, S. L., & BAILENSON, J. N. Virtual superheroes: Using superpowers in virtual reality to encourage prosocial behavior. PloS one, 8(1), e55003, 2013
  37. SELIGMAN, M. E., ERNST, R. M., GILLHAM, J., REIVICH, K., & LINKINS, M. Positive education: Positive psychology and classroom interventions. Oxford review of education, 35(3), 293-311, 2009
  38. SMITH, E. N. A brief novel intervention for acrophobia (fear of heights). BJPsych Open, 7(S1), S121-S121, 2021
  39. STIPANCIC, M., RENNER, W., SCHÜTZ, P., & DOND, R. Effects of Neuro-Linguistic Psychotherapy on psychological difficulties and perceived quality of life. Counselling and psychotherapy research, 10(1), 39-49, 2010
  40. STURT, J., ALI, S., ROBERTSON, W., METCALFE, D., GROVE, A., BOURNE, C., & BRIDLE, C. Neurolinguistic programming: a systematic review of the effects on health outcomes. British Journal of General Practice, 62(604), e757-e764, 2012
  41. TABASSAM, W., & GRAINGER, J. Self-concept, attributional style and self-efficacy beliefs of students with learning disabilities with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Learning disability quarterly, 25(2), 141-151, 2002
  42. TOSEY, PAUL & MATHISON, J. Neuro‐linguistic programming as an innovation in education and teaching. Innovations in Education and Teaching International. 47. 317-326, 2010
  43. TOSEY, P., MATHISON, J., & MICHELLI, D. Mapping transformative learning: The potential of neuro-linguistic programming. Journal of Transformative Education, 3(2), 140-167, 2005
  44. TOSEY, P., & MATHISON, J. Neuro‐linguistic programming and learning theory: A response. The Curriculum Journal, 14(3), 371-388, 2003
  45. WAKE, L., & LEIGHTON, M. Pilot study using Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) in post-combat PTSD. Mental Health Review Journal, 2014
  46. WITKOWSKI, T. Thirty-five years of research on Neuro-Linguistic Programming. NLP research data base. State of the art or pseudoscientific decoration?. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 41(2), 58-66, 2010

Como Citar

Drigas, A., Mitsea, E., & Skianis, C. . (2021). Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Positive Psychology & VR in Special Education. Scientific Electronic Archives, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.36560/15120221497