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Scientific Electronic Archives
Reviews
DOI: 10.36560/16920231787
Submitted: 2023-04-05
Published: 2023-08-30

Cryptococcosis: literature review

Universidade de Cuiabá
Universidade de Cuiabá
Universidade de Cuiabá
Universidade de Cuiabá
Cryptococcus neoformans Immunocompromised infection pathogenesis

Abstract

Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated fungal pathogen that causes infections mainly in immunocompromised individuals, such as patients with HIV, transplant recipients, patients with hematologic malignancies, those with diabetes, etc. among the various invasive fungal pathogens, the most common are Candida spp., Aspergillus spp. and Cryptococcus spp. Cryptococcal meningitis has become more common among immunocompromised patients, where the mortality rate reaches up to 90%. In low- and middle-income countries, C. neoformans causes deaths and is neglected in most parts of the world. They contain unique and complex virulence factors, which facilitate their persistence and dissemination within cells. The onset of infection, latency, or spread of a pathogen depends on its specific morphological characteristics, such as capsule size, melanin pigment, and biofilm development. In this review, we discuss the universal distribution, classification of Cryptococcus spp. with a main focus on the pathogen's strategies that allow its survival, proliferation and then dissemination, resulting in cell damage and treatment impairment.

References

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How to Cite

Lima, A., Silva, R. C. ., Silva, L. L., & Souza, L. C. da S. . (2023). Cryptococcosis: literature review. Scientific Electronic Archives, 16(9). https://doi.org/10.36560/16920231787