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Scientific Electronic Archives
Agricultural Science
DOI: 10.36560/17220241882
Submitted: 2023-11-20
Published: 2024-02-29

Structural characteristics of Black Oats and Ryegrass fertilized with different compositions of chemical fertilizers

Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Videira
Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Videira
Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Videira
nitrogen fertilizer phosphorus potassium green mass production leaf-stem ratio

Abstract

One of the main factors that causes pasture degradation is low soil fertility, with macronutrient deficiencies, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, being the main factors limiting productivity. Therefore, the aim of the work was to evaluate the structural characteristics of two forage crops present in the southern region, black oat and ryegrass, fertilized with different chemical fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, with 4 treatments, being TC = control (without fertilization), TN = treatment with nitrogen fertilization only, TNP = treatment with fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorus and TNPK = treatment with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization, with six replications per treatment and forage. In the evaluation of black oat, an increase in height (cm) and tiller density (tillers/m²) was observed for TNP and TNPK, with differences in relation to TC and TN. As for the production of leaves and stems, in kg DM/ha) it was also observed that nitrogen fertilization was not enough to increase production, but only with the inclusion of P it was possible to observe an increase in the production of both components, no different from TNPK. Despite this, the percentage of leaf and stem compounds in the plant did not change with the treatments (P>0.05), with averages of 41.2% and 58.8%, respectively, differing only on cutting days. The leaf to stem ratio was higher for TNP and TNPK, demonstrating that only N fertilization was not able to increase the number of leaves in black oat, as this did not differ from TC. The cutoff days also changed this relationship, decreasing at the 90-day cutoff. Total green mass production, in kg/ha, was higher for TNPK (P<0.001). For ryegrass, it was possible to observe that TNPK was responsible for increasing plant height (cm), tiller density (tillers/m²), leaf and stalk production (kg DM/ha) and total green mass production (kg/ha) in relation to the other treatments. The percentage of leaves (P=0.016) increased with the inclusion of more elements in the fertilizer and the percentage of stems (P=0.015) decreased. Furthermore, it was possible to observe a difference between the cutting days, and in cuts 90 days after planting, there was a decrease in the percentage of leaves in relation to stalks (P<0.001). The leaf ratio increased in TNP and TNPK (P=0.025), but decreased with the increase in cutting days (P<0.001). Green mass production was higher in TNPK (P<0.001), which differed from all other treatments. It was possible to observe an increase of 235% in relation to the TC. With this, it is possible to conclude that NPK fertilization considerably increases the production of both black oats and ryegrass, however the increase in the number of cuts or grazing influences the final quality of the forage with greater stalk production, which will interfere with the diet of the animals.

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How to Cite

Campos, A. F., Rinaldi, B. J. D. ., & Gonçalves, A. C. . (2024). Structural characteristics of Black Oats and Ryegrass fertilized with different compositions of chemical fertilizers. Scientific Electronic Archives, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.36560/17220241882